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Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Asterales Family: Asteraceae Genus: Tetramolopium

big island alpine tetramolopium, pamakani, pāmakani

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Gynomonoecious, cespitose, dwarf shrubs.

Stems:

Roots: Roots a tap root.

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades oblanceolate or spatulate Apex obtuse. Margins entire.

Flowers:

Fruit: Fruit a simple; dry; achene (cypsela);

Ploidy:

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Lana'i Not in flora
Kaho'olawe Not in flora
Maui Extirpated
Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:367 (EM, H [as T. humile var. humile], H [as T. humile var. sublaeve]); Wagner, Herbst & Lorence 2005– (Syn. T. h. var. sublaeve = T. h. subsp. humile; accessed Oct 2022); Hank Oppenheimer pers. obs./Gagne s.n. BISH 494166 (M†, 1975)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile NE of Puu Keanui between Hualalai and Mauna Loa cinder on pahoehoe; scattered Metrosideros and clumps of native shrubs Preserved_Specimen low rosette herb Camara, B. Hawaii BISH 1984-07-24
2 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile N Kona, Keauhou, NW Mauna Loa, E of Lupea Kipuka dry mamane, native trees and shrubs, exotic grass Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 1810 Hawaii BISH 1978-06-14
3 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile N Hilo, Humuula, SE Mauna Kea, SE of Puu Kanakaleonui dry native shrub, mixed grass Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 3118 Hawaii BISH 1981-01-20
4 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Ainapo Trail Preserved_Specimen petals, 1/3 long, white, on lavender stem Fagerlund, G.O. 256 Hawaii BISH 1941-12-25
5 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile National Park, trail to Red Hill on Mauna Loa, 0.5 mi from trail head at Mauna Loa Strip Rd. crevices of lava; with Styphelia, Vaccinium, Dodonaea, Metrosideros Preserved_Specimen Lowrey, T.K. 437 Hawaii BISH 1978-07-30
6 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Laumaia Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. 852 Hawaii BISH 1935-08-18
7 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Mauna Kea Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8333 Hawaii BISH 1910-06-01
8 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Humuula, base of Puu Huluhulu lava flow Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. 669 Hawaii BISH 1935-08-06
9 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Mauna Kea Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8333 Hawaii BISH 1910-06-01
10 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Kilauea, Devil's Throat Preserved_Specimen Fisher 42 Hawaii BISH 1942-09-16
11 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile NE of Hale Pohaku, Mauna Kea dust between lava rock Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 19798 Hawaii BISH 1949-09-01
12 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Mauna Kea Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8333 Hawaii BISH 1910-06-01
13 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Kona, Kealakekua Ranch, Puu o Uo Preserved_Specimen colonies Christ, J.H. Hawaii BISH 1958-11-23
14 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Summit of Hualalai Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 215 Hawaii BISH 1911-06-19
15 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Humuula trail to summit of Mauna Kea Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 848 Hawaii BISH 1915-06-14
16 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Summit of Hualalai Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 203 Hawaii BISH 1911-06-19
17 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile E Mauna Kea, above Kukaiao Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 1971 Hawaii BISH 1926-09-27
18 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Humuula trail to summit of Mauna Kea Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 848 Hawaii BISH 1915-06-14
19 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Flow of 1848 Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 869 Hawaii BISH 1915-06-17
20 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Kilauea, Cockett Trail Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Hawaii BISH 1927-07-28
21 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Hualalai, above Kailua-Kona Preserved_Specimen Gillett, G.W. 1740 Hawaii BISH 1965-04-20
22 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Mauna Kea Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 703 Hawaii BISH 1922-09-28
23 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Mauna Kea, W of Pohakuloa Gulch Preserved_Specimen McEldowney, H. 29 Hawaii BISH 1976-09-14
24 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Hualalai Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 657 Hawaii BISH 1922-09-25
25 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile N Mauna Kea Preserved_Specimen Hitchcock, A.S. 14278 Hawaii BISH 1916-08-22
26 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile above Mauna Kea-Humuula trail Preserved_Specimen Hartt, C.E. 752 Hawaii BISH 1935-08-09
27 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Honualuu summit of Hualalai Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 3727 Hawaii BISH 1909-06-09
28 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Mauna Kea Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8333 Hawaii BISH 1910-06-01
29 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Mauna Kea, above Humuula Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. 1005 Hawaii BISH 1935-08-15
30 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Mauna Kea Preserved_Specimen U.S. Exploring Expedition Hawaii BISH 1838-01-01
31 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Central plateau Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Hawaii BISH
32 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Wailuku River Gorge Preserved_Specimen Adee, K.T. Hawaii BISH
33 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Hualalai, summit Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. Hawaii BISH 1934-06-19
34 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Wailuku River Gorge Preserved_Specimen Adee, K.T. Hawaii BISH
35 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Lower Kipahulu Valley, area between upper pasture and the gauging station on Palakea Stream, for Resources Basic Inventory Preserved_Specimen Gagné, B.H. Maui BISH 1975-03-01
36 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile [Hawaiian Islands; U.S.A.; Hawaii Preserved_Specimen Mann, H. 611 BISH 1864-01-01
37 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Central Plateau Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Hawaii BISH
38 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile near summit of Hualalai, behind Hanehane Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 186 Hawaii BISH 1911-06-16
39 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Mauna Kea, road to summit Preserved_Specimen McEldowney, H. 31 Hawaii BISH 1976-09-14
40 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile [Hawaiian Islands; U.S.A.; Hawaii Preserved_Specimen BISH
41 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Keauhou Ranch, Kau District, on Puu oo Trail near Pu Kipu In open Metrosideros scrub with native shrubs. Preserved_Specimen Small herb. Leaves hairy and gray in color. Flowers and pappus dirty white. Cuddihy, L.W. 731 Hawaii BISH 1981-02-20
42 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile S of Kauunuoku, Hualalai, N Kona open scrub, ash Preserved_Specimen tiny tufts Fosberg, F.R. 41658 Hawaii BISH 1961-03-22
43 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Kona, Kealakekua Ranch, Puu o Uo aa Preserved_Specimen colonies Christ, J.H. Hawaii BISH 1958-11-23
44 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile E of 1881 flow on pahoehoe Preserved_Specimen Fagerlund, G.O. 770 Hawaii BISH 1943-08-13
45 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Ahu a Umi dry, cinder Preserved_Specimen small herb with pale purple ray flowers, white disk flowers Herbst, D.R. 2146 Hawaii BISH 1971-09-16
46 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Hualalai, near summit, edge of Hainoa Crater, North Kona District Growing in cindery substrate with Styphelia, Vaccinium and Coprosma. Preserved_Specimen Small grayish, hairy herb. Flowers and pappus white. Cuddihy, L.W. 671 Hawaii BISH 1980-12-10
47 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile N Kona, Keahou, between Mauna Loa and Hualalai, N of Puu Keanui and Puu Pohakuloa. Transect 56, Station 41 dry native shrub and trees, ohia; on cinder, open Preserved_Specimen terrestrial rooting Jacobi, J.D. 1199 Hawaii BISH 1978-08-10
48 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Keauhou 2 Ahupuaa, West slope of Mauna Loa between Tr 62 and Tr 61. Transect Ha, Station 8. Dry ohia forest with mixed native trees and a native shrub and mixed grass understory. Growing on pahoehoe lava. Preserved_Specimen Jacobi, J.D. 1037 Hawaii BISH 1978-07-01
49 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Drive to end of Mauna Loa Strip Road (about 10 miles). Walk about 0.5 miles up Mauna Loa Summit Trail to altitude of 2030 meters, just before fence with gate. Plant was about 20 meters to left of trail; a small lava tube at left of trail. (plot 17) Subalpine Metrosideros - Sophora - native shrub community Preserved_Specimen Shrub about 6 inches tall, white flower. Newell, C.L. 81 Hawaii BISH 1966-07-18
50 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Mauna Kea Growing within silversword exclosure. Preserved_Specimen Scattered plants, good vigor, flowers white. Ht. 6 in. Clarke, G. 442 Hawaii BISH 1980-06-03
51 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Hamakua District; Pohakuloa Training Area; along the Saddle Road Collected between the 30 & 45 mile markers; within 60 ft of the road. Preserved_Specimen Funk, E.J. Hawaii BISH 1990-12-13
52 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile N Kona, Kaupulehu, N Hualalai, N of Hainoa Crater, S of Puu Poohohoo ohia, native trees and shrubs, on pahoehoe Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 2111 Hawaii BISH 1978-08-31
53 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile N Hilo, Humuula, head of Wailuku River mamane enclosure Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 6146 Hawaii BISH 1984-07-15
54 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Hualalai Growing in cindery, rocky substrate with Dodonaea, Styphelia, and Sophora. Preserved_Specimen Occasional samll herb with white flowers. Davis, J. 431 Hawaii BISH 1980-12-10
55 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile N Kona, Keauhou, N Hualalai, above Kileo, Kaupulehu FR ohia, native trees and shrubs, on pahoehoe Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 2066 Hawaii BISH 1978-08-08
56 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Hamakua, Kaohe, Mauna Kea, 100 mi N of Hale Pohaku Camp with Styphelia and Gnaphalium Preserved_Specimen rays white, disc florets purple or yellow Lowrey, T.K. 436 Hawaii BISH 1978-07-27
57 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Puu Hualalai lava crevices Preserved_Specimen rays white St.John, H. 11435 Hawaii BISH 1931-12-30
58 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile E of Hale Pohaku, Mauna Kea arid lava Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 19790 Hawaii BISH 1947-09-04
59 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Keauhou Ranch, Kau District, on Puu oo Trail near Puu Kipu. In open Metrosideros scrub with native shrubs. Preserved_Specimen Small herb. Leaves hairy and gray in color. Flowers and pappus dirty white. Cuddihy, L.W. 731 Hawaii BISH 1981-02-20
60 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Keauhou 2 Ahupuaa, NW slope of Mauna Loa, heading WNW from edge of 1859 lava flow toward Holualoa, in small kipuka in 1859 lava flow. Transect 56, Station 1. Dry ohia forest with mixed native trees and a native shrub and mixed grass understory. Exposed. Preserved_Specimen Terrestrial. Jacobi, J.D. 1184 Hawaii BISH 1978-08-10
61 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Hamakua, Hale Pohaku, Mauna Kea, ~5 mi N of jct. with Saddle Road base of lava rock; with Sophora chrysophylla, Geranium cuneatum Preserved_Specimen 6-8 in. Gustafson, R. 1096 Hawaii BISH 1978-07-13
62 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Mauna Kea, head waters of Wailuku, silversword enclosure with Dubautia arborea, Styphelia douglasii, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Hypochoeris, Rumex acetosella Preserved_Specimen ray flowers lavender, purplish to white Davis, J. 924 Hawaii BISH 1982-09-21
63 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Nauhi with Railliardia ciliolata Preserved_Specimen Swezey, O.H. Hawaii BISH 1931-10-03
64 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Mauna Kea in cinders among rocks Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 25611 Hawaii BISH 1955-12-01
65 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Hualalai, W side ash, pahoehoe lava Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 42103 Hawaii BISH 1961-09-09
66 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Kau, Kahuku, W Mauna Loa, 0.8 km N Puu Pohakuloa, 0.5 km E Lumiawai waterhole ohia, native trees and shrubs, mixed grass; on aa Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 1921 Hawaii BISH 1978-07-01
67 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Kau, Kahuku, W Mauna Loa, 1.5 km S Honokua 1950 lava flow dry native shrub and trees, ohia; on aa Preserved_Specimen terrestrial Jacobi, J.D. 1116 Hawaii BISH 1978-07-25
68 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile N Kona, Keauhou, between Mauna Loa and Hualalai in 1859 lava flow dry native shrub and trees, ohia; mixed grass Preserved_Specimen terrestrial Jacobi, J.D. 1981 Hawaii BISH 1978-08-10
69 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile 0.3 m up gravel road from to turnoff to Hale Pohaku, then 6.4 mi N toward Mauna Kea crevices of weathered lava Preserved_Specimen dense mats; rays and disc white Stuessy, T.F. 6144 Hawaii BISH 1982-05-30
70 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile Honuaula between lava cracks on inner wall Preserved_Specimen leaves pubescent Rock, J.F.C. 3505 Hawaii BISH 1909-06-09
71 Tetramolopium humile subsp. humile N Kona, Ahuaumi Heiau, Umi's Temple, on Maud Greenwell Ranch pahoehoe, some ash Preserved_Specimen Kingsbury, J. Hawaii BISH 1955-09-06
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